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991.
本文讨论多体复摆的运动规律,作为具有单个支点的人体运动模型。系统中各邻接刚体之间作受控的相对运动。利用通路矢量和增广体概念导出系统的动力学普遍方程。对于平面运动的特殊情形,可在相平面内进行定性分析。以人体的站立稳定性和自激摆动为例。 相似文献
992.
In the problem of motion of the Kowalevski top in a double force field the four-dimensional invariant submanifold of the phase space was pointed out by [Kharlamov, M.P., 2002. Mekh. Tverd. Tela 32, 33–38]. We show that the equations of motion on this manifold can be separated by the appropriate change of variables, the new variables s1, s2 being elliptic functions of time. The natural phase variables (components of the angular velocity and the direction vectors of the forces with respect to the movable basis) are expressed via s1, s2 explicitly in elementary algebraic functions. 相似文献
993.
Continuous and integrable solutions and one-to-one relationships between boundary forces and displacements are found through the direct integration of the differential equations of the plane elastic problem for a half-plane with boundary conditions for either forces or displacements or with mixed boundary conditions. The necessary equilibrium conditions for forces and the compatibility conditions for displacements that ensure the correctness of the solutions are formulated 相似文献
994.
Landon M. Kanner 《International Journal of Non》2007,42(2):204-215
This paper is concerned with investigation of the effects of strain-stiffening on the classical limit point instability that is well-known to occur in the inflation of internally pressurized rubber-like spherical thin shells (balloons) and circular cylindrical thin tubes composed of incompressible isotropic non-linearly elastic materials. For a variety of specific strain-energy densities that give rise to strain-stiffening in the stress-stretch response, the inflation pressure versus stretch relations are given explicitly and the non-monotonic character of the inflation curves is examined. While such results are known for constitutive models that exhibit a gradual stiffening (e.g. exponential and power-law models), our primary focus is on materials that undergo severe strain-stiffening in the stress-stretch response. In particular, we consider two phenomenological constitutive models that reflect limiting chain extensibility at the molecular level. It is shown that for materials with sufficiently low extensibility no limit point instability occurs and so stable inflation is then predicted for such materials. Potential applications of the results to the biomechanics of soft tissues are indicated. 相似文献
995.
996.
Paulo B. Gonçalves Frederico M. A. Silva Zenón J. G. N. Del Prado 《Nonlinear dynamics》2007,50(1-2):121-145
In the present study, the large-amplitude vibrations and stability of a perfect circular cylindrical shell subjected to axial
harmonic excitation in the neighborhood of the lowest natural frequencies are investigated. Donnell's shallow shell theory
is used and the shell spatial discretization is obtained by the Ritz method. An efficient low-dimensional model presented
in previous publications is used to discretize the continuous system. The main purpose of this work is to discuss the use
of basins of attraction as a measure of the reliability and safety of the structure. First, the nonlinear behavior of the
conservative system is discussed and the basin structure and volume is understood from the topologic structure of the total
energy and its evolution as a function of the system parameters. Then, the behavior of the forced oscillations of the harmonically
excited shell is analyzed. First the stability boundaries in force control space are obtained and the bifurcation events connected
with these boundaries are identified. Based on the bifurcation diagrams, the probability of parametric instability and escape
are analyzed through the evolution and erosion of basin boundaries within a prescribed control volume defined by the manifolds.
Usually, basin boundaries become fractal. This together with the presence of catastrophic subcritical bifurcations makes the
shell very sensitive to initial conditions, uncertainties in system parameters, and initial imperfections. Results show that
the analysis of the evolution of safe basins and the derivation of appropriate measures of their robustness is an essential
step in the derivation of safe design procedures for multiwell systems. 相似文献
997.
The effect of density inversion on transient natural convection heat transfer of cold water in a square cavity with partially
active vertical walls is studied numerically. The governing equations are solved by control volume method with power law scheme.
In the hot location the temperature is varied sinusoidally and in the cold location uniform temperature is maintained. Nine
different positions of the active zones are considered. Results are discussed for various values of the amplitude, period
and different Grashof numbers and presented graphically in the form of isotherms, streamlines, mid-height velocity profile
and average Nusselt number. It is found that density inversion of water affects natural convection flow and heat transfer.
Heat transfer rate is enhanced upto 80% when the heating location is in the middle of the hot wall. 相似文献
998.
O. S. Bogdanova 《International Applied Mechanics》2007,43(5):539-546
A modified Dugdale model is used to study the fracture of an orthotropic elastoplastic plate with a periodic system of rectilinear
cracks. The material of the plate obeys a general yield criterion. The general form of solution is obtained in terms of Kolosov-Muskhelishvili
potentials. The size of the plastic zone is expressed in terms of the external load and geometrical parameters. The equations
for the determination of the stresses in the plastic zone and the crack opening displacement are derived. The effect of anisotropy
on the formation of the plastic zones at the crack tip is examined
__________
Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 80–88, May 2007. 相似文献
999.
The branching off of steady-state regimes from mechanical equilibrium is studied for the problem of filtration convection in a parallelepiped. The conditions for the geometric parameters under which stable continuous families of steady-state regimes develop are found. The stability of equilibria of the family with respect to three-dimensional perturbations is analyzed in a numerical experiment using a finite-difference method. 相似文献
1000.
Yu. I. Meshcheryakov A. K. Divakov N. I. Zhigacheva M. M. Myshlyaev 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2007,48(6):887-896
Shock tests of two lots of a 1420 aluminum-lithium alloy are performed. The mean grain size is 24 μm in the first lot and
1.6 μm in the second lot obtained by the method of equal-channel angular pressing. Two characteristics of dynamic strength
of the material were determined in experiments on the high-velocity impact of flat samples: threshold of dynamic stability
with respect to compression on the fore front of the compression pulse and spall strength of the material. The materials of
both types have an identical threshold of dynamic stability with respect to compression, whereas the spall strength of the
microcrystalline alloy is 20% greater than the spall strength of the polycrystalline alloy. The reason is the consumption
of energy on structure formation in the coarse-grain material in passing to a larger-scale structural level (in the case with
a fine-grain material, such a structure is available in the initial state). The experiments reveal the presence of a second
plastic front whose amplitude is approximately 10% of the first plastic front.
__________
Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 135–146, November–December, 2007. 相似文献